Biocompatibility: The ability of a material to combine with an appropriate host response in a specific application.
The biocompatibility of a material depends on the initial and ongoing reactions between the material and the host organism, such as molecular adsorption, protein adsorption, cell adhesion, macrophage activation, tissue formation, bacterial adhesion, and inflammation.
In addition, the reaction is subject to temporal and spatial hierarchical constraints.
When dissolved metal ions in the metal in the human body react with biomacromolecules or cells and disrupt their function, the metal ions are identified as toxic to the organism. To avoid this toxicity, metals used in medical implants must have high corrosion resistance in the presence of biological tissue.
Corrosion resistance is a necessary condition for biocompatibility, but not a sufficient condition.
Corrosion resistance and mechanical properties are necessary conditions for biocompatibility and biological function.
Osseointegration is a unique property of titanium among metals.
Osseointegration refers to the formation of a direct interface between the implant and the bone without the intervention of soft tissue. There are no connective tissue, cartilage, or ligament fibers between the bone and the implant surface.
Direct contact between the bone and the implant surface can be confirmed under a microscope.
The concept of osseointegration in dental implants has spawned and accelerated the study of the reaction between hard tissue and titanium, followed by surface treatment research. Studies on the following aspects: osteoblast calcification assessment; histological assessments such as bone formation, bone contact rate, and bone integration strength; and clinical results have demonstrated the good compatibility of titanium with hard tissue.
Important determinants of hard tissue compatibility are the effects of surface morphology (roughness), wettability, and other properties on osteoblast adhesion and proliferation. The characteristics of titanium-bone interface reactions show the importance of surface morphology and wettability for osseointegration.
There are countless studies on the compatibility of titanium with hard tissue.
In the field of orthopedics, bone screws, and nails made of Ti alloys often form calluses and assimilate with bone tissue after long-term implantation, which can lead to fractures when the nails are removed. This is because titanium alloys are compatible with hard tissue.
Non-Ferrous Crucible Inc. provides a variety of commercial Pure Titanium (CP Ti) and Titanium alloys in wire, sheet, bar, tube, and other forms. We also provide Titanium expanded/stamped mesh, Titanium wire mesh, Titanium fittings, Titanium flange, and Titanium machining components. Please send your request to inquiry.crucible@winnewtech.com.